The relationship between hidradenitis suppurativa and irritable bowel syndrome: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder in which one experiences abdominal pain, tension, cramping, bloating, and changes in the form and frequency of defecation, without an underlying organic disease. Many skin diseases have been reported to be more common in people with functional bowel disease. To our knowledge, however, no previous study investigated the potential relationship between hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) and IBS. In this study, we aimed to examine the potential association between IBS and HS. METHODS: Patients with HS and healthy subjects were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. All participants were assessed for the presence of IBS. ROME IV criteria were used to identify IBS cases. Hurley staging, modified Sartorius score, and physician's global assessment score were applied to define clinical severity and staging of HS. RESULTS: According to the Rome IV diagnostic criteria, 54 (67.50%) of 80 HS patients and 23 (28.75%) of 80 control group were diagnosed with IBS. The frequency of IBS was statistically significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (P < 0.001). No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of abnormal stool frequency and family history of IBS (P = 0.28, P = 0.862, respectively). Abnormal stool form, mucus in stool, abdominal distension, feeling of incomplete evacuation were statistically significantly higher in HS patients compared to the controls (P = 0.01, P = 0.02, P < 0.001, P = 0.001, respectively).

Is there a correlation between the second to fourth digit ratio and vitiligo? A cross-sectional study.

AIMS: Vitiligo is a multifactorial, acquired skin disease of unknown etiology characterized by depigmented patches caused by melanocyte loss. The ratio of the second to fourth digits (2D:4D) is believed to be a marker of prenatal androgen exposure. Among the many hypotheses for melanocyte loss, one is that sex hormones may play a role in the development of vitiligo. In this study, we aimed to investigate a possible relationship between vitiligo and 2D:4D ratios. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The participants in this study were healthy volunteers and patients with vitiligo. This study included 100 patients with vitiligo and 110 healthy controls. An electronic Vernier caliper was employed to measure the finger lengths. The Vitiligo Extent Tensity Index was used to rate the severity of vitiligo (VETI). RESULTS: The study included 100 patients with vitiligo and 110 healthy volunteers of similar age and gender. The mean age of patients with vitiligo was 27.000 ± 13.000 years for females and 30.612 ± 9.112 years for males, and the study sample included 54 (49.09%) females and 56 (50.91%) male patients. Patients' 2D:4D ratios were significantly lower than those of the controls for right hands (p = 0.0001). For left hands, there was no correlation between the 2D:4D ratio (p = 0.740). There was no statistically significant correlation between the VETI score and the 2D/4D ratio (left hand, p = 0.136; right hand p = 0.329). CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first study to look at the link between 2D:4D ratios and vitiligo in the literature. The findings obtained in this study suggest that the 2D:4D ratio may be a predictor of vitiligo development.

COVID-19 and human papillomavirus: Paradoxical immunity.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a multisystemic disease that can cause progressive lung failure, organ dysfunction, and coagulation disorder associated with high mortality and morbidity. COVID-19 is known to either primarily cause skin symptoms or increase existing skin diseases. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a DNA virus that can cause benign and malignant neoplasms. Mucocutaneous verruca vulgaris are common benign lesions of HPV. Here, we report a case of verruca vulgaris regressed after COVID-19.